![]() In more extreme cases, a doctor might recommend surgery. Physical therapy can also include stretching to help relieve pain and improve flexibility. Physical therapy will help a person build up core muscles in the midsection of their body and back. Additionally, someone who is overweight might want to consider losing weight, which may help alleviate their symptoms.Ī doctor can prescribe additional pain relief and anti-inflammatory medications if necessary. In cases where overuse has caused the spondylolisthesis, a person should stop any activities that aggravate the pain. Treatment options include at-home care, therapies, and possible surgery.Ī person can start treatment at home through a variety of methods, including using over-the-counter medication for pain relief. Grade 5: The vertebral body has completely fallen off and looks detached.Grade 4: Between 75-100 percent of the vertebral body has slipped forward.Grade 3: Between 50-75 percent of the vertebral body has slipped forward.Grade 2: Between 25-50 percent of the vertebral body has slipped forward.Grade 1: 25 percent of the vertebral body has slipped forward.Spondylolisthesis is further classified into grades, according to how far out of place the vertebra is. Type VI – Type VI is an uncommon spondylolisthesis caused by weakening of the back due to surgery. Type V – Type V involves tumors on the vertebrae that push on the bones and cause weakness. Type IV – Type IV is a fracture that occurs anywhere in a vertebra except in the pars interarticularis region. Type III – Type III is associated with aging and the natural wear and tear on a person’s body. The fractures from Type II only become spondylolisthesis if they cause the vertebra to slip forward. A sports injury or being in a car accident may cause Type IIC. Type IIC is a complete fracture that has been caused by trauma.The extra bone causes stretching and misalignment. Type IIB involves many microfractures that do not fracture completely and heal with extra bone in place.Type IIA involves many microfractures caused from overuse and hyperextension.Type II is further broken down into the following subtypes: Types II – In Type II, the most common type, there is a problem with a section of the vertebra called the pars interarticularis. In both cases of Type I spondylolisthesis, a child may not experience any symptoms or problems until later in life. A child may also develop the condition naturally during his or her developmental years. Type I – In some cases, people are born with spondylolisthesis. The six main types are based on the cause of the spondylolisthesis. Rokistanky (1804-1878), an Austrian pathologist, was the first who described spondylolisthesis in 1839 8.Share on Pinterest Spondylolisthesis commonly affects the lower back.ĭue to the varying degrees and causes of the misalignment, spondylolisthesis is broken down into types and grades. Spondylolisthesis is from the Ancient Greek σπονδύλους (spondylous) meaning vertebra and ολίσθηση (olisthesis) meaning slippage 6. To adequately describe a spondylolisthesis, both the type (see the classification of spondylolisthesis) and grade (see grading of spondylolisthesis) need to be stated. Spondylolisthesis can occur anywhere in the vertebral column but is most frequent in the lumbar spine, particularly when due to spondylolysis at L5/S1 ref, and when due to degeneration at L4/5 7. Often, particularly in the lower lumbar spine, it is due to spondylolysis ( pars interarticularis defects) 6. ![]() ![]() Although etymologically it is directionless (see below) and could be applied to both anterolisthesis and retrolisthesis, in practice, however, spondylolisthesis is used synonymously with anterolisthesis. ![]()
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